Big Ben’s Birthday – Bell Rings In 150th Birthday
By Jill Lawless
HAPPY BIRTHDAY, Big Ben.
One of Britain’s last bell foundries on April 10
marked the 150th anniversary of its biggest creation – the massive
bell whose bongs sound the hour at the Houses of Parliament.
It was made by the Whitechapel Bell Foundry, which
also made Philadelphia’s Liberty Bell and the Bell of Hope, given to
New York by Londoners on the first anniversary of the September 11,
2001, attacks.
The 15-ton Big Ben was cast on April 10, 1858, at
the foundry in east London, although it was another year before it
first rang out from Parliament’s clock tower.
“We are going to toast Big Ben’s health at the end
of the working day,” said Mike Backhouse, the foundry’s works
manager. “Whether we’ll sing ‘Happy Birthday,’ I don’t know.”
Big Ben has given its name to one of London’s most
famous landmarks – Parliament’s 19th-century neo-Gothic clock tower,
designed by Charles Barry. The tower is popularly known as Big Ben,
although the name actually refers only to the Great Bell inside.
FOUNDRY
The Whitechapel foundry was marking the anniversary
by casting 3-1/2-inch replicas of the bell – one for every two years
of its life. They will be sold for about £100 apiece.
Founded in 1570 and officially Britain’s oldest
manufacturing company, Whitechapel is one of only two remaining bell
foundries in the country.
Backhouse said Big Ben remains the largest bell ever
made at the foundry, and would have presented a “massive challenge”
to 19th-century bell-makers.
“The technical challenge would have been making the
mould for the bell strong enough that it wouldn’t have been broken
or distorted by 13-1/2 tons of molten bell metal,” Backhouse said.
The bell cracked soon after it was installed – as an
earlier version had during testing. Officials simply fitted a
smaller hammer and turned the bell so the hammer wouldn’t strike the
crack.
SYMBOL
The bell, crack and all, remains in use, and has
become a symbol of reassuring reliability. During World War II, Big
Ben’s resonant bongs became a sign of resistance to Nazi bombs.
Parliamentary officials plan to mark the 150th
anniversary of Big Ben’s first bong with a ceremony next year.
The bell has been silenced briefly by weather,
mechanical failure and accident, and for four periods of maintenance
– in 1934, 1956, 1990 and for six weeks last year.
Bookmaker William Hill is offering odds on the bell
failing to chime in its anniversary year. The odds are 100/1 of Big
Ben being silenced by bird interference, 150/1 on it being stopped
by ice or snow, and 1000/1 on one of the clock’s hands falling off.
On the Net:
Whitechapel bell Foundry:
www.whitechapelbellfoundry.co.uk
Big Ben and the
clock:
www.parliament.uk/about/history/big_ben.cfm |
